Hubungan Polifarmasi, Jenis Penyakit Dan Kepatuhan Pasien Terhadap Kejadian Drug-Related Problem (DPRs) Pada Pasien Gariatri Rawat Jalan Di Rs Tk Iii Dr. Noersmir (Dkt Baturaja), Ogan Komering Ulu

Abstract

Geriatric patients with chronic diseases are at high risk of Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) due to treatment complexity, polypharmacy, and suboptimal medication adherence. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between polypharmacy, disease type, and patient adherence with the occurrence of DRPs among geriatric outpatients at Dr. Noesmir Class III Hospital (DKT Baturaja), Ogan Komering Ulu. A quantitative observational analytical study was conducted prospectively from June 18 to July 12, 2026. A total of 44 patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected using total sampling. Data were collected through patients’ medication profiles and the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). DRPs were identified using the PCNE V9.1 classification. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test, followed by multivariate analysis using logistic regression with a significance level of α=0.05. A total of 34 patients (77.3%) experienced polypharmacy, while DRPs were identified in 35 patients (79.5%). Based on the PCNE classification, P2.1 (Adverse drug event occurred) was the predominant problem domain, with C1.3 (Inappropriate drug combination) being the most frequently identified cause (65.71%). Significant associations were found between polypharmacy (p=0.002), disease type (p=0.042), and medication adherence (p=0.006) with the occurrence of DRPs. The logistic regression model demonstrated good fit (Hosmer–Lemeshow p=0.921), was statistically significant overall (Omnibus p<0.001), and had a Nagelkerke R² of 0.540. Polypharmacy, disease type, and medication adherence were significantly associated with the occurrence of DRPs. Enhanced medication monitoring and adherence support are needed to minimize the risk of DRPs among geriatric patients receiving complex pharmacotherapy.